3S approach for advanced SMR designs in Belgium

An integrated approach to the implementation of safety, security and safeguards (3Ss) by design is an important concept for the new and advanced reactor designs, and it is essential for an SMR, at an early design stage, in order to optimize its size and performance. SCK CEN is starting, together with partners, a SMR-LFR project, looking at constructing a demonstrator for the lead cooled technology. In Belgium, the law stipulates that : “The operator of a class I establishment is required to apply the obligations imposed on it by regulations in the areas of “Safety, Security and Safeguards” in a coordinated, consistent, effective and efficient way, in the field, while taking into account the different interfaces.” The paper will focus on the approach to 3Ss by design, at an early stage of the reactor design, in order to optimize the implementation of requirements and properly address all the interfaces, including aspects related to radiation protection of the worker, the public and the environment. An important focus will be put on the management of 3Ss in design and normal operation, as the first lines of defense against initiating events, hazards and threats.