Stakeholder engagement and transdisciplinary collaborations in nuclear decision-making in different EU Countries: results from an online survey

In the nuclear energy field, the uptake of recommendations on stakeholder engagement in energy governance and transdisciplinary collaborations are fundamental to enhancing the effectiveness and sustainability of energy policies. This study examined the uptake of these recommendations in different EU countries, and the challenges and drivers for the effective adoption of the recommendations. An online survey was distributed to stakeholders from various countries, yielding 66 responses. Overall, respondents from all countries rated the current level of participatory governance on nuclear issues as inadequate, particularly with regard to the closure of nuclear power plants and the decommissioning of nuclear reactors. While all respondents considered recommendations for improving participatory governance to be important, they believed that these recommendations were being implemented at a moderate to low level. “Transparency about objectives, decisions taken, and expected results” was the most highly valued recommendation. In contrast, “providing the appropriate means to support participation” and “establishing legislative and administrative frameworks” were the least implemented. The results showed a general concern about the lack of reliable information, emphasising the need for action to ensure citizens have access to accurate and trustworthy information. Improving transparency in decision-making at the government and nuclear sector levels was essential to building public confidence. In conclusion, while the importance of participatory governance in nuclear energy is widely acknowledged, its implementation remains limited across EU countries. Strengthening transparency and providing reliable information are key steps toward fostering a more effective stakeholder engagement in energy governance